关于那个神秘的中国病毒，你需要了解什么
A mysterious pneumonia outbreak in China may be linked to a virus that has never been seen before. Chinese scientists have identified the virus as a new type of coronavirus, reports the World Health Organization (WHO).
中国一场神秘的肺炎爆发可能与一种以前从未见过的病毒有关。据世界卫生组织报道，中国科学家已经确认该病毒为一种新型冠状病毒。
A woman wears a face mask as she waits for a ferry on the Kowloon side of Hong Kong on Jan. 7, 2020. (Photo: Philip Fong/AFP via Getty Images)
Most coronaviruses cause mild to moderate symptoms like the common cold, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). But coronaviruses are the same family of viruses that include severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). SARS was first recognized in China in November 2002. It killed 774 of the 8,098 people infected, according to the CDC. It spread to more than two dozen countries including the U.S. and Canada before it was contained.
根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的说法，大多数冠状病毒会引起轻微到中度的症状，比如普通感冒。但是冠状病毒与包括严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)和中东呼吸综合征(MERS)在内的病毒属相同。SARS于2002年11月在中国首次得到确认。根据CDC的数据，在8098名感染者中，有774人死亡。在疫情得到控制之前，它已经蔓延到包括美国和加拿大在内的二十多个国家。
"There is a strong memory of SARS, that's where a lot of fear comes from, but we're a lot more prepared to deal with those types of diseases," Dr. Josie Golding, from the Wellcome Trust, a London-based research charity, tells the BBC.
来自伦敦慈善研究机构威康信托基金会的乔西·戈尔丁博士告诉BBC:“人们对非典有着强烈的记忆，这是很多恐惧的来源，但我们在应对这类疾病方面准备得更充分。”
Chinese scientists say the new virus is a never-before-discovered coronavirus, which is in the same family as the one illustrated here. (Photo: Kateryna Kon/Shutterstock)
Researchers are still working to learn more about the mysterious illness. Here's what we know so far.
研究人员仍在努力了解更多关于这种神秘疾病的信息。这是我们目前所知道的。
Where did it come from?
它从何而来?
The strain has been linked to a seafood market in Wuhan, China, that has been closed for sanitation since Jan. 1. Local media outlets have reported that the market also sold snakes, marmots, monkeys and other animals. This sparked concerns that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans.
该菌株与中国武汉的一个海鲜市场有关，该市场自1月1日起因卫生原因关闭。当地媒体报道称，该市场还出售蛇、土拨鼠、猴子和其他动物。这引发了人们对病毒从动物传播给人类的担忧。
Is it serious?
它很严重吗?
On Jan. 9, the first death from the outbreak was reported. The fatal case involved a 61-year-old man who died after being admitted to the hospital with respiratory failure and severe pneumonia, according to Wuhan's health department. The man also had other health issues including abdominal tumors and chronic liver disease, according to the statement.
1月9日，第一例死亡病例被报道。据武汉市卫生局介绍，该致命病例涉及一名61岁的男子，他因呼吸衰竭和严重肺炎入院后死亡。根据声明，这名男子还有其他健康问题，包括腹部肿瘤和慢性肝病。
Since the virus was first detected on Dec. 12, 41 cases of the virus have been diagnosed, according to an earlier statement. Two patients have been discharged from hospitals, with seven in critical condition. An additional 739 people who have been in close contact with the patients have undergone medical observation with no related cases found. Some of the patients operated booths at the market.
根据早前的一份声明，自12月12日首次发现该病毒以来，已确诊41例。两名患者已经出院，其中七人情况危急。另有739名与患者有密切接触的人接受了医学观察，未发现相关病例。有些病人在市场上经营摊位。
The main symptom, according to the WHO, with some patients reporting difficulty breathing and X-rays showing some lung lesions.
据世界卫生组织称，主要症状是呼吸困难和肺部病变。
How fast is it spreading?
它传播的速度有多快?
Apparently, not very fast. All patients reported symptoms starting between Dec. 12 and Dec. 29 and there have been no new cases since then.
显然，不是很快。所有患者均报告在12月12日至12月29日期间出现症状，此后再无新病例。
So far, there is no evidence that the illness is spreading from person to person. No medical personnel who have been caring for the patients have become ill.
到目前为止，没有证据表明这种疾病正在人与人之间传播。一直在照顾病人的医务人员没有生病。
"It's positive that we've not seen an expansion in cases," Golding tells the BBC. "China is taking it seriously and it could be contained, we have to wait and see."
戈尔丁在接受BBC采访时表示:“我们没有看到病例的增加，这是很好的。”“中国正在认真对待这件事，它可能会得到遏制，我们必须拭目以待。”
How worried are people?
人们有多担心?
In Hong Kong, authorities are urging people with fever and any respiratory symptoms to wear a mask. There has been an increase in demand for the N95 mask made by 3M, which was worn during the SARS outbreak, Time reports. Many commuters have been seen wearing the masks on public transportation, just to be safe.
香港当局敦促发烧和有呼吸道症状的人戴上口罩。据《时代周刊》报道，3M公司生产的N95口罩需求量有所增加，该口罩是在SARS爆发期间佩戴的。为了安全起见，很多乘客在公共交通工具上都戴着口罩。
At this point, health officials are optimistic.
在这一点上，卫生官员是乐观的。
"More than a decade has passed," Xu Jianguo, a former top Chinese public health official, told The Washington Post. "It's impossible for something like SARS to happen again."
“十多年过去了，”前中国公共卫生高官徐建国告诉《华盛顿邮报》。“像非典这样的事情不可能再发生了。”
