155 他们真的难为情吗?
原 文:
They were shy of the 50% of the vote they need.
原 译:
他们因为需要得到50%的选票而难为情。
辨 析:
原译显然逻辑上讲不过去,需要得到50%的选票(也许才能当选)是法律的规定,不可能使他们感到“难为情”。(be) shy of是一个短语,其意思是从shy的原意“难为情”引申出来的,意思为“害怕”或“有疑心”,例如:This made him shy of going out at night again.(这[件事]吓得他再也不敢在晚上出去。)又如:He became shy even of a shadow.(他变得甚至连影子都害怕。)(很有点“杯弓蛇影”的意思。)但是be shy of还有一个意思,即“缺少”、“不足”,原来是俚语,现在正式文体中也用,尤其在报刊文章中,如:This house is shy of a bathroom. 这房子缺少一个卫生间。其实,shy本身已有不足的意思,如新版的American Heritage College Dictionary对shy的第4个定义就是short,lacking。还有一个例句: Eleven is shy of a dozen.(十一比一打少一。)
所以原文的确切意思是:他们没有能得到所需要的50%的选票。当然,这个意思还可以用别的说法表示,例如:The votes they got did not reach the 50% they needed.或They still needed some votes to reach the 50% they were supposed to get.
英语中有许多表示数量“不足/不够”的说法,如:lack of, not enough, insufficient, inadequate, be / come / fall / run short of, less than, wanting等,可根据不同上下文选用,但也不限于以上说法,比如“他们真的缺少时间/时间不够”也可以译为:They were really pushed / pressed for time.(学好英语的一个重要标志是会用不同的方式表达同一个意思。)
不过从这一句隐含的事实来看,他们倒是应该感到难为情的,因为他们没有能得到50%的选票。但是这里用shy不如用ashamed, embarrassed等词,例如可以说:They cringed with embarassment as they didn't get the 50% of vote they needed.