六级段落翻译_清明节
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    清明节

    清明节是我国二十四节气 (solar term)之一,在每年农历的四月五日前后。清明过后,气温逐渐上升,雨水也增多,这是春耕播种的好时机。清明节不仅是指引农耕的节气,也是举行祭祀的最重要节日。汉族和一些少数民族人民为祖先奉上祭品,为逝者扫墓。扫墓活动通常是在清明节的前后十天这期间进行。从2008年开始,包括清明在内的一些传统节日在中国大陆地区被列为法定公众假日。如今,清明不仅是怀念、祭奠祖先与逝去的家人的日子,也是与亲友团聚,远足踏青的日子。

    翻译点拨

    1. 这是春耕播种的好时机:“这是……的好时机”可以翻译成it is a good time for sth./to do sth.。

    2. 举行祭祀:“举行祭祀”就是“献祭”的意思,所以翻译成to sacrifice,取sacrifice的动词义;后文的“祭品”译成sacrifices,取sacrifice的名词义。

    3. 为逝者扫墓:这句话中的“逝者”可以翻译为the deceased,即“the+形容词”表示性质或特征相同的一类人。“扫墓”可以译为sweep a grave,也可意译为visit one's grave。

    4. 被列为法定公众假日:此处译为have been set aside as legal public holidays。set aside as本意是“留作……之用”;此处译文增加了限定范围in mainland China,即“在中国大陆”。

    5. 怀念、祭奠祖先与逝去的家人:“怀念”可译为cherish the memory of;“祭奠”可译为hold a memorial ceremony;“逝去的家人”可译为the departed family members。

    6. ……的日子:翻译时应尽量避免重复,此处可译为time、moment和chance。

    参考译文

    Qingming Festival

    As one of the 24 solar terms in China, Qingming Festival falls around the fifth day of the fourth lunar month. After the festival, it is a good time for spring plowing and sowing with a rise in temperature and an increase in rainfall. Qingming Festival is not only a solar term to guide farm work, but also the most important day to sacrifice. The people of Han nationality and some ethnic minorities at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the deceased. Tomb-sweeping is usually done during the phase of 10 days before and after Qingming Festival. Since 2008, several traditional festivals including Qingming Festival have been set aside as legal public holidays in mainland China. Today, Qingming Festival is not only a time to cherish the memory of the ancestors and the departed family members and to hold a memorial ceremony for them, but also a moment to reunite with friends and family or a chance to have a spring outing.

    知识小贴士

    谈到清明节,人们很容易联想到历史人物介子推。据历史记载,春秋时代(the Spring and Autumn Period),晋国公子重耳逃亡在外,生活艰苦,介子推不惜从自己的腿上割下一块肉让他充饥(allay his hunger)。后来,重耳回到晋国,作了国君,大肆封赏所有跟随他流亡在外的随从,唯独介子推拒绝接受封赏,他带了母亲隐居(lead a hermit's life)山中。晋文公无计可施(at his wits' end),听信他人的主意放火烧山,三面点火,留下一方,他想,介子推孝顺母亲,一定会带着老母出来。谁知这场大火却把介子推母子烧死了。为了纪念介子推,晋文公下令每年的这一天禁止生火,家家户户只能吃生冷的食物,这就是寒食节的来源。寒食节是在清明节的前一天,古人常把寒食节的活动延续到清明,久而久之,清明节取代了寒食节。拜介子推的习俗也变成了清明扫墓的习俗了。

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