1. The American economic system is. organized around a basically
private-enterprise, market-
oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be
produced by spending
their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want
most.
[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济
中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付
费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual
consumers, coupled
with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of
individuals to maximize
their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how
resources are used to
produce it.
[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润
的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被
制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in
reducing its cost, this will
tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn
will lower the price and
permit more consumers to buy the product.
[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加
卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消
费者购买产品。
4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not
only the ownership
of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to
determine the price of a
product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
[参考译文]在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他
一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)
自由签定合同的权利。
5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and
which employers are
the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made
accordingly. And
they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.
[参考译文]同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这
样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动
找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。
6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine
publishers, from gas and
electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient
services to consumers
through the use of computers.
[参考译文]不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施
到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服
务。
7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others
of the same age For
these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education
must be adapted to
those differences.
[参考译文]残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部
的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。
8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education
over the past three
decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens,
whatever their special
conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
[参考译文]在过去的30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们
社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都
应享有充分发展其能力的机会。
9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at
reasonable price, thereby
establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for
export at
competitive prices.
[参考译文]它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可
以(使公司)建立-个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提
供出口变得可能。
10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the
terms of advertising, no
regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the
promise of his
advertisements.
[参考译文]除去议会有27件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢
于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。
11. If its message were confined merely to information and that in itself
would be difficult if
not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the
color of a shirt is
subtly persuasive-advertising wound be so boring that no one wound pay any
attention.
[参考译文]如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就广告而言，如果这不是完全不可能达
到的，也是非常难做的，因为即便是一个诸如衬衫的颜色的选择这样的
细节都会具有微妙的说服意味，那么广告就会如此地乏味以至于没有人
会关注它。
12. The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve,
the foreigner who
learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable
results to
show for there efforts.
[参考译文]得到了升迁的工人们，成绩进步的学生，学会了一门新语言的外国人一
一这些都是那些有可衡量的结果宋显示其努力的人们的例证。
13. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of
many years, their
extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut
off, and with it the
confidence that information will be available when needed and will be
trustworthy and
reliable.
[参考译文]随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭
关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可
靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。
14. The individual now has more information available than any generation,
and the task of
finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific
problem is complicated,
time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.
[参考译文]现在每个人能够得到的信息比任何时代的人都多，而找到与他/她的特
定问题相关的那一点信息的任务不仅复杂、耗时，有时甚至令人难以招
架。
15. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and
problems in dispute can
be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to
travel to a distant
conference site.
[参考译文]通过远程会议，专家知识可以在全世界范围内被分享，而争论的问题能
够得到解决，同时相关人员也不必离开他们的家庭或工作跑到一个遥远
的开会地点。
16. The current passion for making children compete against their
classmates or against the
clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in
some way better
than their B type fellows.
[参考译文]现在这种让孩子们和其同学或时间竞争的热情导致了一个双层结构，在
这个结构里面善于竞争的A类好像在某个方面要比他们B类的同辈更胜
一筹。
17. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your
education, your
experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your
"wares" and
abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
[参考译文]在跟你谈话的时候，可能成为你的雇主的人就一直在衡量你的教育、经
验和其他资格是不是值得他雇用你，而你的"商品"和能力一定要以一
种有条不紊而且合情合理的相互关联的方式被展示出来。
18. The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting
organization, at least for the
time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of
a nation wide debate
in Britain.
[参考译文]英国广播公司将作为一个公共基金支持的广播组织存在下来，至少目前
会这样，但是它的角色、它的规模和它的节目现在在英国成了全国上下
的讨论话题。
19. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with
an opinion of the
BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad
about the
Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.
[参考译文]这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人
一包括普通的听众和观众一来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至
要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。
20. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a
large profess
signal element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly
spoiled the
fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the
energetic founders.
[参考译文]这种变化通过引入许多的专业因素从而适应了这个新时代的技术要求，
并且它(这种变化)防止了效率的降低。这种效率的降低在精力充沛的
创业者之后的第二代和第三代人(领导公司)的时候，经常会毁掉那些
家族公司的财富。
